{"id":2172,"date":"2025-06-09T19:15:50","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T11:15:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/?p=2172"},"modified":"2025-06-09T19:16:03","modified_gmt":"2025-06-09T11:16:03","slug":"about-detail-74","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/about-detail-74.html","title":{"rendered":"Delik i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemlerine giri\u015f - delme, raybalama, hav\u015fa a\u00e7ma, raybalama"},"content":{"rendered":"

delinmi\u015f delik<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kat\u0131 malzemedeki deliklerin burgulu matkap ile i\u015flenmesi y\u00f6ntemine delme denir. Genel i\u015fleme, IT14 ~ IT11 boyutsal tolerans s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, 50 ~ 12.5\u03bcm y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ra de\u011feri ile elde edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan delme makineleri \u015funlard\u0131r: tezgah \u00fcst\u00fc delme makineleri, dikey delme makineleri ve k\u00fclb\u00fct\u00f6rl\u00fc delme makineleri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Delme makinesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

(1) masa\u00fcst\u00fc matkap olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan masa\u00fcst\u00fc delme makinesi (\u015eekil 1), kullanmak i\u00e7in s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma masas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir makine aletidir. Delme \u00e7ap\u0131 genellikle 12 mm'nin alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Esas olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli deliklerde i\u015flemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Tezgah<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 1 Tezgah \u00fcst\u00fc delme makinesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1-Tabla 2-Besleme kolu 3-Mil 4-Kay\u0131\u015f kapa\u011f\u0131 5-Motor<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6-Mil tutucu 7-S\u00fctun 8-Tutucu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) Dikey matkap olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan dikey delme makinesi (\u015eekil 2), genellikle orta b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki i\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131nda delik a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, \u00f6zellikleri maksimum delme \u00e7ap\u0131 ile. Yayg\u0131n olarak 25 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm ve benzeri kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Dikey<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 2 Dikey delme makinesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1-Tabla 2-\u0130\u015f mili 3-Besleme kutusu 4-\u0130\u015f mili di\u015fli kutusu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5-Motor 6-S\u00fctun 7-Besleme kolu 8-Makine taban\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3) Rocker kollu delme makinesi Rocker kollu delme makinesi, kolon etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nebilen bir rocker kola sahiptir (\u015eekil 3). Mil kutusu kol \u00fczerinde yanal olarak hareket ettirilebilir ve kol ile kolon boyunca yukar\u0131 ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ayarlanabilir, b\u00f6ylece i\u015flem delinecek deliklerin merkezine kolayca ayarlanabilir ve i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n hareket etmesi gerekmez. Rocker kollu delme makinesi geni\u015f bir i\u015fleme yelpazesine sahiptir, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc vida deli\u011fini, di\u015fli delikleri ve b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u011f deliklerini delmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 3 Sal\u0131ncak kolu delme makinesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1-S\u00fctun 2-Mil kutusu 3-Sal\u0131ncak kolu 4-Mil 5-Tablo 6-Makine taban\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001B\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc matkap<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc matkap, \u015eekil 4'te g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi bir kesme par\u00e7as\u0131, bir k\u0131lavuz par\u00e7as\u0131 ve bir \u015fafttan olu\u015fan delik delmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ana alettir. \u00c7ap 12 mm'den az oldu\u011funda genellikle d\u00fcz \u015faftl\u0131 matkap ve 12 mm'den fazla oldu\u011funda konik \u015faftl\u0131 matkapt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"burgulu<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 4 B\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc matkap<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burgulu matkap, kesme kenar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak, kesme s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mak ve tala\u015f kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan iki simetrik spiral olu\u011fa sahiptir. \u00d6n ucun kesme k\u0131sm\u0131 (\u015eekil 5) iki simetrik ana kesme kenar\u0131na sahiptir ve iki kenar aras\u0131ndaki 2\u03c6 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 keskin a\u00e7\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130ki \u00fcst y\u00fczeyin kesi\u015fme \u00e7izgisi enine kenar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. K\u0131lavuz par\u00e7adaki iki kenarl\u0131 bant, kesme i\u015fleminde k\u0131lavuz rol\u00fc oynar ve ayn\u0131 zamanda matkap ucu ile i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n delik duvar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyi azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Sondaj i\u015flemleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1) Matkap u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011flanmas\u0131 Matkap u\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u011flama y\u00f6ntemleri, saplar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekline g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Konik \u015faftl\u0131 matkaplar do\u011frudan delme makinesinin mil deli\u011fine monte edilebilir, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck matkaplar bir ge\u00e7i\u015f man\u015fonu ile monte edilebilir (\u015eekil 6); d\u00fcz \u015faftl\u0131 matkaplar genellikle bir matkap aynas\u0131 ile monte edilir (\u015eekil 7).<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Konik<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 6 Konik \u015faftl\u0131 matkab\u0131n montaj\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 7 \u015eekil 8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Matkap aynas\u0131 veya ge\u00e7i\u015f kovan\u0131, yuvarlak kenar\u0131 yukar\u0131 bakacak \u015fekilde kama matkap pres milinin yan taraf\u0131ndaki konik deli\u011fe sokularak, matkap aynas\u0131 sol elde tutularak ve matkap aynas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kama sa\u011f elde bir \u00e7eki\u00e7le vurularak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r (\u015eekil 8).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) \u0130\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011flanmas\u0131 Sondajdaki g\u00fcvenlik kazalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f ba\u011flama y\u00f6nteminden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011flanmas\u0131na dikkat edilmelidir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve ince duvarl\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131n delinmesinde, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in el mengenesi kullan\u0131l\u0131r (\u015eekil 9). Orta b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in d\u00fcz bir mengeneye s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n (\u015eekil 10). Mengeneye s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in uygun olmayan b\u00fcy\u00fck ve di\u011fer i\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131, plaka vidalar\u0131 ile do\u011frudan matkap pres tablas\u0131na sabitlenebilir (\u015eekil 11). Yuvarlak millerde veya man\u015fonlarda delik a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 delikleri a\u00e7mak \u00fczere bir V-demirine bast\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r (\u015eekil 12). Toplu ve seri \u00fcretimde, delik delmek i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak delme aparatlar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r (\u015eekil 13).<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 9 \u015eekil 10<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 11 \u015eekil 12<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"delme<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 13 Delme kal\u0131b\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1-matkap kovan\u0131; 2-matkap kal\u0131b\u0131; 3-i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) delme i\u015fleminden \u00f6nce hat delme i\u015flemine g\u00f6re, numune delme g\u00f6zlerinin merkezinde \u00f6n delik a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r, delme, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, numune delme g\u00f6z\u00fc testi ile hizalanm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6nyarg\u0131 gibi s\u0131\u011f bir \u00e7ukur delme, numune delme i\u015flemini d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir yeniden delme, ayn\u0131 zamanda birka\u00e7 oluktan \u00e7\u0131kan burin burini d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir (\u015eekil 14). Delme s\u0131ras\u0131nda, ilerleme h\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmal\u0131, delinecek, ilerleme miktar\u0131 azalt\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sert malzemeleri kesme s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 ile delin. Derin delikler a\u00e7arken (delik derinli\u011fi L'nin \u00e7ap d'ye oran\u0131 5'ten b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr), matkap ucu s\u0131k s\u0131k tala\u015f kald\u0131rmadan \u00e7\u0131kmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Delme<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 14 Delme sapmas\u0131 durumunda burin yiv d\u00fczeltmesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

raybalama (yani bir deli\u011fi geni\u015fletme)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Delinmi\u015f bir deli\u011fin raybalama matkab\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclmesine raybalama denir (\u015eekil 1b). Raybalama i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan alet, \u015eekil 1a'da g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi raybalama matkab\u0131d\u0131r. Raybalama matkab\u0131 sertli\u011fi, enine kenar olmamas\u0131, iyi k\u0131lavuzluk nedeniyle, raybalanm\u0131\u015f delik boyutu tolerans seviyesi IT10 ~ IT9, y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ra de\u011feri 3,2\u03bcm'ye kadar iyile\u015fmi\u015ftir. raybalama, son i\u015fleme olarak kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi, \u00f6n i\u015flemeden \u00f6nce deli\u011fin raybalanmas\u0131 olarak da kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Raybalama<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 1 Raybalama matkab\u0131 ve raybalama<\/p>\n\n\n\n

hav\u015fa a\u00e7ma<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Belirli bir \u015fekle sahip bir deli\u011fin veya t\u0131rna\u011f\u0131n d\u00fcz bir y\u00fczeyi, deli\u011fin y\u00fczeyinde hav\u015fa a\u00e7\u0131larak i\u015flenir ve buna hav\u015fa a\u00e7ma denir. \u00d6rnekler aras\u0131nda silindirik hav\u015falar\u0131n hav\u015falanmas\u0131, konik hav\u015falar\u0131n hav\u015falanmas\u0131 ve bir rondelay\u0131 yerle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir t\u0131rna\u011f\u0131n d\u00fczleminin hav\u015falanmas\u0131 say\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

raybalama (yani bir delik a\u00e7ma)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Raybalama deliklerin bitirilmesidir. Raybalama kaba raybalama ve ince raybalama olarak ikiye ayr\u0131labilir. \u015eekil 3a'da g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi ince raybalama, i\u015fleme pay\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr, sadece 0,05 ~ 0,15 mm, IT8 ~ IT7'ye kadar boyut tolerans seviyesi, 0,8\u03bcm'ye kadar y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ra de\u011feri. i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 delinmeden \u00f6nce raybalama bir geni\u015fletme (veya delme) ve di\u011fer i\u015flemler yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001Reamer<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ki tip rayba vard\u0131r: el raybalar\u0131 ve makine raybalar\u0131 (\u015eekil 3b). El raybalar\u0131 d\u00fcz \u015faftl\u0131d\u0131r ve uzun bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma par\u00e7as\u0131na sahiptir. Makine raybalar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla konik \u015faftl\u0131d\u0131r ve delik a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in delme makinelerine, tornalara veya delik i\u015fleme makinelerine monte edilebilir. Rayban\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma k\u0131sm\u0131 bir kesme par\u00e7as\u0131 ve bir bitirme par\u00e7as\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. Kesme k\u0131sm\u0131 koniktir ve kesme i\u015finden sorumludur; parlatma k\u0131sm\u0131 ise k\u0131lavuzluk ve parlatma rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynar. Rayban\u0131n 6 ila 12 kesme kenar\u0131 vard\u0131r ve her kenar\u0131n kesme y\u00fck\u00fc hafiftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001Silindirik deliklerin elle raybalanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ad\u0131mlar ve y\u00f6ntemler<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) Delik \u00e7ap\u0131 ve delik do\u011frulu\u011fu gereksinimlerine g\u00f6re, delik i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemini ve i\u015flemler aras\u0131ndaki i\u015fleme pay\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in, \u00f6rne\u011fin daha y\u00fcksek hassasiyetli \u03c630 delik i\u015fleme i\u00e7in \u015eekil 4.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Delik<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u015eekil 4 Delik i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemi ve i\u015flem \u00f6dene\u011fi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2) Delikleri delin veya raybalay\u0131n ve ard\u0131ndan raybalay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) elle raybalama, her iki el, rayban\u0131n saat y\u00f6n\u00fcnde y\u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00f6re e\u015fit \u015fekilde kuvvet uygular ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru bas\u0131nc\u0131 hafif\u00e7e zorlar, herhangi bir zamanda tersine \u00e7evrilemez, aksi takdirde tala\u015flar kalabal\u0131k rayba, delik duvar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izer, b\u00f6ylece rayba b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 yontulur, delikten raybalan\u0131r p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz de\u011fil, yuvarlak de\u011fil ve yanl\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(4) Raybalama i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, rayba d\u00f6nmezse, sert bir \u015fekilde anahtarlamay\u0131n, ancak raybay\u0131 dikkatlice d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7ekin ve rayban\u0131n tala\u015flarla s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya sert bir noktayla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. Aksi takdirde, rayba k\u0131r\u0131lacak veya kesici kenar yontulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(5) Beslemenin boyutu uygun ve e\u015fit olmal\u0131 ve s\u00fcrekli olarak so\u011futma ya\u011f\u0131 eklenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6) Deli\u011fi oyduktan sonra, oyucuyu saat y\u00f6n\u00fcnde d\u00f6nd\u00fcrerek delikten \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Delme Kat\u0131 malzemedeki deliklerin burgulu matkapla i\u015flenmesi y\u00f6ntemine delme denir. Genel i\u015fleme, IT14 ~ IT11 boyut tolerans derecesine, 50 ~ 12.5\u03bcm y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ra de\u011ferine kadar olabilir. Yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan delme makineleri \u015funlard\u0131r: masa\u00fcst\u00fc delme makinesi, dikey delme makinesi ve k\u00fclb\u00fct\u00f6r delme makinesi. 1, delme makinesi 1) masa matkab\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan masa\u00fcst\u00fc delme makinesi (\u015eekil 1), kullanmak i\u00e7in s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma masas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131d\u0131r. Delme \u00e7ap\u0131 genellikle 12 mm'nin alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Esas olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli deliklerde i\u015flemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma. \u015eekil 1 Tezgah \u00fcst\u00fc delme makinesi 1 - tabla 2 - besleme kolu 3 - i\u015f mili 4 - kay\u0131\u015f kapa\u011f\u0131 5 - motor 6 - i\u015f mili tutucu 7 - kolon 8 (2) Dikey delme olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan dikey delme makinesi (\u015eekil 2), genellikle orta b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki i\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131nda delik a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00f6zellikleri maksimum delme \u00e7ap\u0131 cinsinden ifade edilir. Yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lanlar 25mm, 35mm, 40mm, ...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2173,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-about-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2172"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2172\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hexinmusu.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}